Темите (68-101) по-долу са покрити в глава III-та: Синдезмология от Анатомията на Грей (версия от 1918 г.)
Въведение ()
Стави sutural ligament fibrocartilages cartilage capsules synovial membrane ligaments Кост articular lamella Cartilage Hyaline cartilage perichondrium
Hyaline cartilage cartilage lacunae capsule of the space Articular cartilage, costal cartilage, and temporary cartilage Articular cartilage
Costal cartilage White fibrocartilage Interarticular fibrocartilages (menisci)
White fibrocartilage Connecting fibrocartilages Circumferential fibrocartilages Stratiform fibrocartilages chondrin chondro-mucoid Ligaments white fibrous tissue yellow elastic tissue Articular capsules external (stratum fibrosum) internal (stratum synoviale) fibrous capsule synovial membrane
Articular capsules synovia Mucous sheaths (vaginae mucosae) Bursae mucosae
Development of the joints ()
Development of joints
Classification of joints () Synarthroses (immovable articulations)
Шев (sutura) истински шев (sutura vera) зъбчат шев (sutura dentata) назъбен шев (sutura serrata) накраен шев (sutura limbosa) лъжешев (sutura notha) люспест шев (sutura squamosa) хармониален шев (sutura harmonia) плосък шев (sutura plana) Schindylesis Gomphosis Synchondrosis
Amphiarthroses (slightly movable articulations)
symphysis syndesmosis
Diarthroses (freely movable articulations)
articular disk or meniscus Ginglymus or Hinge-joint Trochoid or Pivot-joint (articulatio trochoidea; rotary joint)
Condyloid articulation (articulatio ellipsoidea) Articulation by reciprocal reception (articulatio sellaris; saddle-joint) Enarthrosis (ball-and-socket joints) Arthrodia (gliding joints)
The kind of movement admitted in joints ()
Gliding movement Angular movement Circumduction
Rotation Ligamentous Action of Muscles
Articulations of the vertebral column ()
Articulations of vertebral bodies (intercentral ligaments) Anterior longitudinal ligament (ligamentum longitudinale anterius; anterior common ligament)
Articulations of vertebral bodies (intercentral ligaments) Posterior longitudinal ligament (ligamentum longitudinale posterius; posterior common ligament)
Articulations of vertebral bodies (intercentral ligaments) Intervertebral fibrocartilages (fibrocartilagines intervertebrales; intervertebral disks) annulus fibrosus nucleus pulposus Articulations of Vertebral arches
Articulations of Vertebral arches Articular capsules (capsulæ articulares; capsular ligaments) Ligamenta flava (ligamenta subflava) Supraspinal ligament (ligamentum supraspinale; supraspinous ligament) Ligamentum nuchæ
Articulations of Vertebral arches Interspinal ligaments (ligamenta interspinalia; interspinous ligaments) Intertransverse ligaments (ligamenta intertransversaria) movements permitted in the vertebral column
articulation of the atlas with the epistropheus or axis ()
Articulatio atlantoepistrophica Articular capsules (capsulæ articulares; capsular ligaments) accessory ligament
Anterior atlantoaxial ligament Posterior atlantoaxial ligament Transverse ligament of the atlas (ligamentum transversum atlantis)
Transverse ligament of the atlas (ligamentum transversum atlantis) crus superius crus inferius cruciate ligament of the atlas
Articulations of the vertebral column with the cranium ()
Articulation of the Atlas with the Occipital Bone (Articulatio atlantooccipitalis) Articular capsules (capsulœ articulares; capsular ligaments) Anterior atlantoöccipital membrane (membrana atlantoöccipitalis anterior; anterior atlantoöccipital ligament)
Articulation of the Atlas with the Occipital Bone (Articulatio atlantooccipitalis) Posterior atlantoöccipital membrane (membrana atlantoöccipitalis posterior; posterior atlantoöccipital ligament) Lateral ligaments Ligaments Connecting the Axis with the Occipital bone Membrana tectoria (occipitoaxial ligament) Alar ligaments (ligamenta alaria; odontoid ligaments) apical odontoid ligament check ligaments
articulation of the mandible ()
Articulatio Mandibularis; Temporomandibular articulation Articular capsule (capsula articularis; capsular ligament) Temporomandibular ligament (ligamentum temporomandibulare; external lateral ligament) Sphenomandibular ligament (ligamentum sphenomandibulare; internal lateral ligament)
Articular disk (discus articularis; interarticular fibrocartilage; articular meniscus) Synovial membranes Stylomandibular ligament (ligamentum stylomandibulare); stylomaxillary ligament
Costovertebral articulations ()
Articulations of the Heads of the Ribs (articulationes capitulorum; costocentral articulations) Articular capsule (capsula articularis; capsular ligament) Radiate ligament (ligamentum capituli costæ radiatum; anterior costovertebral or stellate ligament)
Articulations of the Heads of the Ribs (articulationes capitulorum; costocentral articulations) Interarticular ligament (ligamentum capituli costæ interarticulare) ligamentum conjugale Synovial membranes Costotransverse articulations (articulationes costotransversariæ)
Costotransverse articulations (articulationes costotransversariæ) Articular capsule (capsula articularis; capsular ligament) Anterior costotransverse ligament (ligamentum costotransversarium anterius; anterior superior ligament) lumbocostal ligament Posterior costotransverse ligament (ligamentum costotransversarium posterius)
Costotransverse articulations (articulationes costotransversariæ) Ligament of the neck of the rib (ligamentum colli costæ middle costotransverse or interosseous ligament) Ligament of the tubercle of the rib (ligamentum tuberculi costæ posterior costotransverse ligament)
Sternocostal articulations ()
ligaments Articular capsules (capsulæ articulares; capsular ligaments) Radiate sternocostal ligaments (ligamenta sternocostalia radiata; chondrosternal or sternocostal ligaments) superior fasciculi inferior fasciculi middle fasciculi
ligaments Radiate sternocostal ligaments (ligamenta sternocostalia radiata; chondrosternal or sternocostal ligaments) membrana sterni Interarticular sternocostal ligament (ligamentum sternocostale interarticulare; interarticular chondrosternal ligament)
ligaments Costoxiphoid ligaments (ligamenta costoxiphoidea; chondroxiphoid ligaments) Interchondral articulations (articulationes interchondrales; articulations of the cartilages of the ribs with each other) Costochondral articulations
articulation of the manubrium and body of the sternum ()
anterior and posterior intersternal ligaments Mechanism of the Thorax
Vertebrosternal ribs
Vertebrochondral ribs Vertebral ribs
articulation of the vertebral column with the pelvis ()
Iliolumbar ligament (ligamentum iliolumbale)
Articulations of the pelvis () Sacroiliac articulation
Sacroiliac articulation (articulatio sacroiliaca)
Anterior sacroiliac ligament (ligamentum sacroiliacum anterius) Posterior sacroiliac ligament (ligamentum sacroiliacum posterius)
short posterior sacroiliac ligament long posterior sacroiliac ligament Interosseous sacroiliac ligament (ligamentum sacroiliacum interosseum)
Ligaments Connecting the Sacrum and Ischium
Sacrotuberous ligament (ligamentum sacrotuberosum; great or posterior sacrosciatic ligament) falciform process Sacrospinous ligament (ligamentum sacrospinosum; small or anterior sacrosciatic ligament) greater sciatic foramen lesser sciatic foramen
Sacrococcygeal symphysis (symphysis sacrococcygea; articulation of the sacrum and coccyx)
Anterior sacrococcygeal ligament (ligamentum sacrococcygeum anterius) Posterior sacrococcygeal ligament (ligamentum sacrococcygeum posterius)
Lateral sacrococcygeal ligament (ligamentum sacrococcygeum laterale; intertransverse ligament) fibrocartilage Interarticular ligaments
Pubic symphysis (symphysis ossium pubis; articulation of the pubic bones)
Anterior pubic ligament Posterior pubic ligament Superior pubic ligament (ligamentum pubicum superius) Arcuate pubic ligament (ligamentum arcuatum pubis; inferior pubic or subpubic ligament)
Interpubic fibrocartilaginous lamina (lamina fibrocartilaginea interpubica; interpubic disk)
Articulations of the upper extremity Sternoclavicular articulation ()
Articular capsule (capsula articularis; capsular ligament) Anterior sternoclavicular ligament (ligamentum sternoclaviculare anterior) Posterior sternoclavicular ligament (ligamentum sternoclaviculare posterius)
Interclavicular ligament (ligamentum interclaviculare) Costoclavicular ligament (ligamentum costoclaviculare; rhomboid ligament) Articular disk (discus articularis)
Acromioclavicular articulation ()
Acromioclavicular articulation Articulatio Acromioclavicularis; Scapuloclavicular articulation Superior acromioclavicular ligament (ligamentum acromioclaviculare) Inferior acromioclavicular ligament Articular disk (discus articularis) Coracoclavicular ligament (ligamentum coracoclaviculare) Trapezoid ligament (ligamentum trapezoideum) Conoid ligament (ligamentum conoideum)
Coracoacromial ligament (ligamentum coracoaromiale)
Superior transverse ligament (ligamentum transversum scapulæ superius; transverse ligament or suprascapular ligament) Inferior transverse ligament (ligamentum transversum scapulæ inferius; spinoglenoid ligament)
Humeral articulation or shoulder-joint ()
Articular capsule (capsula articularis; capsular ligament)
Coracohumeral ligament (ligamentum coracohumerale) Glenohumeral ligaments
Transverse humeral ligament Glenoidal labrum (labrium glenoidale; glenoid ligament)
Elbow-joint ()
Articulatio cubiti Anterior ligament
Posterior ligament Ulnar collateral ligament (ligamentum collaterale ulnare; internal lateral ligament) Radial collateral ligament (ligamentum collaterale radiale; external lateral ligament)
Radioulnar articulation ()
Proximal radioulnar articulation (articulatio radioulnaris proximalis; superior radioulnar joint) Annular ligament (ligamentum annulare radii; orbicular ligament) quadrate ligament
Proximal radioulnar articulation (articulatio radioulnaris proximalis; superior radioulnar joint) Oblique cord (chorda obliqua; oblique ligament) Interosseous membrane (membrana interossea antebrachii) Distal radioulnar articulation (articulatio radioulnaris distalis; inferior radioulnar joint) Volar radioulnar ligament (anterior radioulnar ligament) Dorsal radioulnar ligament (posterior radioulnar ligament) Articular disk (discus articularis; triangular fibrocartilage)
Distal radioulnar articulation (articulatio radioulnaris distalis; inferior radioulnar joint) recessus sacciformis
Radiocarpal articulation or wrist-joint ()
Articulatio radiocarpea receiving cavity condyle Volar radiocarpal ligament (ligamentum radiocarpeum volare; anterior ligament)
Dorsal radiocarpal ligament (ligamentum radiocarpeum dorsale; posterior ligament) Ulnar collateral ligament (ligamentum collaterale carpi ulnare; internal lateral ligament) Radial collateral ligament (ligamentum collaterale carpi radiale; external lateral ligament)
Intercarpal articulations ()
Articulations of the Proximal Row of Carpal Bones Dorsal ligaments (ligamenta intercarpea dorsalia) Volar ligaments (ligamenta intercarpea volaria; palmar ligaments) Interosseous ligaments (ligamenta intercarpea interossea)
Articulations of the Proximal Row of Carpal Bones pisohamate ligament Pisometacarpal ligament
Articulations of the Distal Row of Carpal Bones Dorsal ligaments (ligamenta intercarpea dorsalia) Volar ligaments (ligamenta intercarpea volaria; palmar ligaments) Interosseous ligaments (ligamenta intercarpea interossea)
Articulations of the Two Rows of Carpal Bones with Each Other Volar ligaments (ligamenta intercarpea volaria; anterior or palmar ligaments)