thumb|Skolen i Athen
Skolen i Athen (italiensk Scuola di Atene) er en fresko i rummet Stanza della Segnatura i Vatikanpaladset i Rom. Freskoen er et af de mest kendte værker af renæssancemaleren Rafael, som også malede de tre andre freskoer i det samme rum. Rafael udførte freskoen fra 1509 til 1511 og motivet viser mange af antikkens mest kendte græske filosofer.
Stanza della Segnatura var det første i en række rum, som Rafael blev bestilt til at dekorere, og Skolen i Athen, som repræsenterer filosofi, var sandsynligvis det tredje af malerierne i dette rum, som han færdiggjorde, efter La Disputa (teologi) på den modsatte væg og Parnassus (litteratur).Jones and Penny, p. 74: "The execution of the School of Athens ... probably followed that of the Parnassus." Skolen i Athen er længe blevet set som "Rafaels mesterværk og det perfekte billede på den klassiske ånd i renæssancen".History of Art: The Western Tradition by Horst Woldemar Janson, Anthony F. Janson (2004).
Personer En komplet liste over de afbildede personer er givet nedenfor:"The School of Athens, Who is Who?", Part 1 by Michael Lahanas. thumb|center|800px|Navne i parentes er samtidige person, som man mener Rafael har trukket på ligheder fra. 1: Zenon fra Kition 2: Epikur 3: ukendtRaphael has reused the motif of two women from his earlier work the Vision of a Knight (see Chefs d'oeuvre de l'art : grands peintres N° 31 : Raphaël (en deux parties), Hachette, 1966, p. 215). 4: Boëthius eller Anaximander 5: Averroës 6: Pythagoras"The School of Athens, Who is Who?" (Part 2) by Michael Lahanas.,Jürg Meyer zur Capellen, however, qualifies the certainty of this identification writing "eine Gruppe von Lesenden und Disputierenden, die um eine Sitzfigur, vielleicht Pythagoras, angeordnet ist." ("a group of people reading and debating, arranged around a seated figure, perhaps Pythagoras."). Jürg Meyer zur Capellen: Raffael (Munich: Beck 2010), p. 49. 7: Alkibiades eller Alexander den Store eller PeriklesDaniel Orth Bell, "New Identifications in Raphael's School of Athens", The Art Bulletin, Vol. 77, No. 4 (Dec., 1995), p. 641: "the military figure is probably Pericles ... Many philosophers are mentioned as his teachers, but foremost among them was the philosopher-astronomer Anaxagoras ... Returning to the center of the composition, we notice a figure who lies at the feet of Plato and Aristotle in quiet isolation; here, I propose, is Socrates". eller Xenofon 8: Antisthenes eller Xenofon 9: ukendt, muligvisGiovanni Pico della Mirandola, (nogle gange identificeret som Hypatia i moderne populære kilder)The interpretation of this figure as Hypatia seems to have originated from the Internet. Serious sources do not mention it at all. H. J. Mozans (=John Augustine Zahm specifically regrets that Hypatia does not appear in the painting in his book Women in Science (1913), p. 141. eller Fornarina en personificering af KærlighedRaphael's lover Fornarina is portrayed in a famous painting in the National Gallery of Ancient Art in Rome. This identification has been introduced on 2002 by Matteo Smolizza during his cooperation with Lorenza Mochi Onori, former Director of the Museum, in the occasion of the Exhibit La Fornarina di Raffaello, Milan, Fondazione Arte e Civiltà, March 14 – June 2, 2002. It was later investigated on the basis of 1) position of the portrait (specular to Raphael's one); 2) appearance compared with contemporary Raphael's drawings; 3) strictly contemporary texts by Raphael to the woman; 4) fresco's general meaning. Cf. Smolizza, pp. 68–74. (Francesco Maria della Rovere?) 10: Aeschines 11: Parmenides eller Nicomachus 12: Sokrates eller Anaxagoras 13: Heraklit (Michelangelo?) 14: Platon (Leonardo da Vinci?) 15: Aristoteles (Giuliano da Sangallo?)Jill Burke (ed.), Rethinking the High Renaissance: The Culture of the Visual Arts in Early Sixteenth-century Rome, Ashgate Publishing, 2012, p. 170. 16: Diogenes af Sinope eller Sokrates 17: Plotin? er Solon 18: Euklid er Arkimedes (Bramante?) 19: Strabon er Zarathustra? (Baldassare Castiglione?) 20: Ptolemæus R: Apelles (Rafael) 21: Protogenes (Il Sodoma, Timoteo Viti,Timoteo Viti is another plausible candidate according to Esperienze letterarie, 24, Società editrice napoletana, 1999, p. 151. eller Perugino)
Referencer
Kategori:Malerier af Rafael Kategori:Vatikanstaten