vignette|Carte des nomes de Basse-Égypte et de Haute-Égypte.
Les grandes capitales égyptiennes, Thèbes, Memphis, Pi-Ramsès, ont marqué les descriptions des géographes grecs qui en ont assuré la pérennité dans la mémoire culturelle. Mais chaque égyptien avait un lien particulier à « sa ville », ce qui a permis à la littérature égyptienne de prendre la cité pour objet, au point de produire un genre littéraire, l'éloge de la ville, propre au Nouvel Empire.
Sur le plan de l'urbanisme, certaines métropoles s'affirment dans une association historique entre la ville-temple et la capitale administrative régionale.
Répartition géographique
Égypte Basse-Égypte
! scope=col bgcolor="#" colspan="6" | Villes d'Égypte antique dans chaque nome |- valign="top" | width="10%"|Nome | colspan="2" width="45%"|Nom égyptien | width="15%"|Nom grec | width="15%"|Nom copte | width="15%"|Nom arabe
| rowspan="7" | | Inebou Hedjou (Jnb.w-ḥḏ.w) | O36-O36-O36-T3-O49 | rowspan="7" |Memphis () | rowspan="7" |Menphe (copte : ⲙⲛⲫⲉ) | rowspan="7" |Manf ()
| Ineb Hedj (Jnb-ḥḏ) | O36-T3-O49
| Djed-Sout (Ḏd-sw.t) | R11-Q1-Q1-Q1-O24-O49
| Men-Néfer (Mn-nfr) | Y5:N35-F35-O24-O49
| Ânkh-Taouy (ˁnḫ-tȝ.wj) | S34-N35:Aa1-N16:N16-O49 |- | Mekhat-Taouy (Mḫȝ.t-tȝ.wj) | U38-N16:N16-O49
| Hout-ka-Ptah (Ḥwt-kȝ-Ptḥ) | Q3:X1-V28-O6-X1:O1-D28-O49
| rowspan="2" | | Khem (Ḫm) | R22:O49 | rowspan="2" |Létopolis (Letoûs pólis, ) | rowspan="2" |Bouchēm (copte : ⲃⲟⲩϣⲏⲙ) | rowspan="2" |Aousîm ()
| Sekhem (Sḫm) | Aa1:R22-G17-O49
| rowspan="10" | | rowspan="2" |Imaou (Jmȝ.w) | M1-M1-M1-O49 | rowspan="5" |Momemphis () | rowspan="5" | | rowspan="5" |Kôm el-Hisn ()
| M17-U1-M1-M1-M1-O49
| Imaout (Jmȝ.w.t) | M1-M1-M1-X1:O49
| Per-Neb-Imaou (Pr-nb-ima.w) | O1:Z1-V30-M1-M1-M1-O49
| Per-Neb-Imaout (Pr-nb-ima.w.t) | O1:Z1-V30-M1-M1-M1-X1:O49
| Mefkat (Mfkȝ.t) | Aa15:D36-I9:V31:X1 | rowspan="2" |Térénouthis () | rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" |Kôm Abou Billou
| Per-Hout-Her-nebet-Mefket(Pr-Ḥw.t-Ḥr-nb.t-Mfkȝ.t) | O1:Z1-O10-V30:X1-Aa15:D36-I9:V31:X1
| Râqedit(R-ꜥ-qd(y)t) | D21:Z1:D36-A35-X1:O49 | Alexandrie (Alexándreia, ) | Aleksandria (copte : Ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲓⲁ) | al-ʾiskandariyya ()
| Bolbitinē () | Rashit (copte : ⲣⲁϣⲓⲧ) | Rachid ()
| Taposiris Magna (Taposiris Megálē, ) | | Abousir ()
| rowspan="4" | | Djekâper (Ḏḳˁpr) | I10-N29-D36:Q3-Z4:D21-Z1-O49
| Kôm Manous
| Niout-Kart (Njwt-kȝr.ṯ) | | rowspan="3" |Naukratis () | rowspan="3" |Piemro (copte : Ⲡⲓⲉⲙⲣⲱ) | rowspan="3" |Kôm Gaef |- | Nes-Kart (Ns-kȝr.ṯ)
| Per-Meryt (Pr-mry.t)
| Saou (Sȝw) | O34:G39-G1-G43-O49 | Saïs (Sáis, ) | Sai (copte : Ⲥⲁⲓ) | Sà el-Hagar (صا الحجر)
| rowspan="5" | | Khasou (Ḫȝsww) | M12-A-Aa18-Z1-V1:Z4-V1:Z4-N35A-N36:N23-O49 | Xoïs (Xόis, ) | Sxōou (copte : ⲥϦⲱⲟⲩ) | Sakha ()
| Djebout (Ḏbˁw.t) | I10-D58-D36:X1-S20 | rowspan="4" |Bouto (Boutô, ) | rowspan="4" |Boto (copte : ⲃⲟⲩⲧⲟ) | rowspan="4" |Tell el-Farâˁûn ()
| Per-Ouadjet (Pr-Wȝḏj.t) | O1:Z1-M14-X1:H8-I12-G7
| Pé (P) | Q3:O49
| Dep (Dp) | D46:Q3-O49
| rowspan="7" | | rowspan="2" |Demin-Herou (Dmi-n-Ḥr.w) | D46-W19-M17-M17-O49-W24-G5-Z1 | rowspan="3" |Hermopolis Mikra (Hermoû pólis Mikrá, ) Hermopolis Parva | rowspan="3" |Ptīminhōr (copte : ⲡϯⲙⲓⲛ̀ϩⲱⲣ) | rowspan="3" |Damanhur ()
| D46:Aa15-W19-M17-M17-X1:O49-S3-G6-X1:O49 |- | Demit (Dmi.t) | D46-W19-M17-X1:O49
| rowspan="2" |Ta-henet (Tȝ-ḥn.t) | rowspan="2" | | Thônis () | rowspan="2" |Thōni (copte : ⲧϩⲱⲛⲓ) | rowspan="2" |Hadinat Harqaliuwn ()
| Héraklion ()
| Per-gouat (Pr-gwṱ) | Q3:W11-Aa18-U33-X1:O49 | Canope (Kánopos, ) | Kanopos (copte : ⲕⲁⲛⲱⲡⲟⲥ) | Kanub ()
| Mout-netjer (Mw.t-nṯr) | | Menouthis ()
| rowspan="3" | | Per-Toum (Pr-Tm(w)) | rowspan="2" |O1-X1:U15-A40 | rowspan="3" |Hérôonpolis (Herôon pólis, ) | rowspan="3" | | rowspan="3" |Tell er-Retabeh ()
| Per-Atoum (Pr-Jtm(w)) |- | Tjekou (Ṯkw) | V13:V31-G43-T14-N25
| rowspan="4" | | rowspan="2" |Djedou (Ḏdw) | R11-R11-G43-O49 | rowspan="4" |Bousiris () | rowspan="4" |Bousiri (copte : ⲃⲟⲩⲥⲓⲣⲓ) | rowspan="4" |Abousir Bana ()
| R11-R11-O49 |- | Per-Ousir (Pr-wsjr) | O1:Z1-Q1:D4-A40
| Per-Osir-neb-djedou (Pr-wsjr-nb-ḏdw) | O1:Z1-Q1-D4:V30-R11-R11-G43-O49
| rowspan="2" | | Hout-ta-hery-ib (Ḥw.t-tȝ-ḥry-ib) | O6-X1:O1-N16:D2*F34-X1:O49 | rowspan="2" |Athribis () | rowspan="2" |Athrēbi (copte : Ⲁⲑⲣⲏⲃⲓ) | rowspan="2" |Tell-Athrib ()
| Kemour (Km-wr) | I6-G17-E1-G37:D2 |- | rowspan="2" | | Taremou (Tr-rm.w) | X1:D21-M6-D21-G17-G43-K1:Z2 | Léontopolis (Leόntôn pólis, ) | | Kafr el-Muqdam ()
| Shedenou (Šdnw) | F30:D46-N35:X1-O49 | Pharbaethos (Pharbaïthítis, ) | Pharbait (copte : ⲫⲁⲣⲃⲁⲓⲧ) | Horbeit |- | rowspan="12" | | rowspan="3" |Tjebnetjer (Ṯb-nṯr) | V13-D58-E8-R8-O49 | rowspan="3" |Sebennytos () | rowspan="3" |Djemnouti (copte : ϫⲉⲙⲛⲟⲩϯ) Djebenoite (copte : ϫⲉⲃⲉⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) | rowspan="3" |Semenoûd ()
| R8-V13-D58-O49
| R8-E9-X1:O49
| rowspan="3" |Heby ( Ḥbj) | V28-D58-M17*M17-W4 | rowspan="9" |Iseon () | rowspan="9" | | rowspan="9" |Behbeit el-Hagar () |- | V28-D58-W4-O49
| V28-D58-M17*M17-O49
| rowspan="3" |Hebyt ( Ḥbj.t) | V28-D58-M17*M17-W4-X1:O49
| V28-D58-W4-X1:O49
| V28-D58-M17*M17-X1:O49
| Per-Heby (Pr-ḥbj) | O1:Z1-W4-D58-M17*M17-O49
| rowspan="2" |Per-Hebyt (Pr-ḥbj.t) | O1:Z1-W4-X1:O49
| O1-V28-D58-M17*M17-X1:W4-X1:O49
| rowspan="2" | | Iounou (Iwnw) | O28-W24:O49 | Héliopolis (Hēlioú pólis , ) | Ōn (copte : ⲱⲛ) | el-Matariyah ()
| Nay-ta-hout (Nȝy-tȝ-ḥw.t) | N35:G1-M17-M17-Z3-X1:G1-O6-X1:O1-O49 | Léontopolis (Leόntôn pólis, ) | | Tell el-Yahoudieh ()
| rowspan="14" | | rowspan="2" |Tjarou (Ṯȝrw) | G47-Z1*E23:Z1*O49 | rowspan="4" |Silé (Selē, ) | rowspan="4" |Selē (copte : Ⲥⲉⲗⲏ) Slē (copte : Ⲥⲗⲏ) | rowspan="4" |Tell Heboua
| G47-G1-D21:Z7*O49
| rowspan="2" |Tjaret (Ṯȝr.t) | G47-E23*X1:N25*O49 |- | G47-E23:X1*O49 |- | Hout-Ouaret (Ḥw.t-Wȝr.t) | O7-X1:O1-D56-X1:O49 | Avaris () | | Tell el-Daba
| rowspan="2" |Tjebenet (Ṯbn.t) | V13-D58-N35:F16-X1:O49 | rowspan="4" |Daphnae () Taphnas () | rowspan="4" |Taphnas (copte : ⲧⲁⲫⲛⲁⲥ) | rowspan="4" |Tell Defenneh ()
| V13-D58-N35:X1*Z5-O49
| rowspan="2" |Tepehen (Tpḥn) | U33-Q3-V28-W24:O49 |- | U33-O1-V28-W24:O49 |- | rowspan="2" |Sen (Sn) | O34:W24*Z1 | rowspan="5" |Péluse (Pelousion, ) Saien () | rowspan="5" |Peremion (copte : Ⲡⲉⲣⲉⲙⲟⲩⲛ) | rowspan="5" |Tell el-Farama ()
| S29-W24
| rowspan="2" |Senou (Snw) | S29-M42:W24-X1:O49 |- | O34:E34-N25 |- | Per-Amon (Pr-Jmm) | O1:Z1-M17-Y5:S3-A40 |- | rowspan="2" | | Per-Djehouty (Pr-Ḏḥwty) | O1-Z1-G26:X1*Z4 | Hermopolis (Hermoû pὸlis, ) Hermopolis Parva | | Tell el-Naqous
| Damiette (Tamiathis, ) | Tamiat (copte : ⲧⲁⲙⲓⲁϯ) | Medīnat Dimyāt ()
| rowspan="4" | | rowspan="3" |Djedet (Ḏdt) | R11-X1:Z1*Z1-O49 | rowspan="3" |Mendès () | rowspan="3" | | rowspan="3" |Tell el-Rub'a ()
| R11-D46:X1*O49
| R11-R11-D46:O49
| Thmuis () | | Tell El-Timai
| rowspan="4" | | Sema-Behedet (Smȝ-Bḥd.t) | F36-F18:D46-X1:O49 | rowspan="4" |Diospolis Kato (Diὸs pὸlis Káto, ) | rowspan="4" |Pounemou (copte : ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲉⲙⲟⲩ) | rowspan="4" |Tell el-Balamoun ()
| Behedet (Bḥd.t) | F18:D46-X1:O49
| Per-Amon (Pr-Jmm) | O1:Z1-M17-Y5:N35-A40
| Paiouen-Amon-Kaem-Ouaset (Pȝ-jw-n-Jmn-kȝ-m-Wȝs) | G41-A-N17:Z1*N23-N35-M17-Y5:N35-G7-kA-Z1-G7-G7-S40-X1:O49-G7
| rowspan="3" | | Per-Bastet (Bȝst.t) | O1:Z1-W1-X1:H8-O49 | rowspan="3" |Bubastis () | rowspan="3" |Poubasti (copte : Ⲡⲟⲩⲃⲁⲥϯ) | rowspan="3" |Tell Basta ()
| rowspan="2" | Bast (Bȝst) | G29-Q1-X1:O49
| W2-X1:O49
| rowspan="5" | | Imet (Jm.t) | M17-Aa15-G17-X1-A17-O49 | rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" |Tell Nebesha ()
| Imyt (Jmy.t) | M17-G17-Z4-M17*M17-Q7-X1:O49
| rowspan="2" |Djânet (Ḏʿn.t) | I10:D36-N35:X1*Z5-N35B-N36:N23-O49 | rowspan="2" |Tanis () | rowspan="2" |Djanē (copte : ϫⲁⲛⲏ) | rowspan="2" |Ṣān el-Ḥagar, ()
| I10:D36-N35:X1*O49
| Per-Râmes(i)sou-Meriamon (Pr-Rˁ-msj-sw-mrj-Jmn) | O1-Z1-<-N5-F31-S29-S29-U6-M17-Y5:N35-G7-> | | Ramesse (copte : Ⲣⲁⲙⲉⲥⲥⲏ) | Qantir ()
| rowspan="3" | | rowspan="2" |Per-Sopdou (Pr-Spdw) | O1:Z1-M44-G13-O49 | rowspan="3" | | rowspan="3" | | rowspan="3" |Saft el-Henneh ()
| O1:Z1-S29-D58-D46:M44
| Sopdet (Pr-Spdt) | M44-G11-X1:O49
Haute-Égypte
! scope=col bgcolor="#" colspan="6" | Villes d'Égypte antique dans chaque nome |- valign="top" | width="10%"|Nome | colspan="2" width="45%"|Nom égyptien | width="15%"|Nom grec | width="15%"|Nom copte | width="15%"|Nom arabe
| rowspan="25" | | rowspan="5" |Senmout (Snmw.t) | O34:N35-G14-X1:N25 | rowspan="8" |Sênis () Abaton () | rowspan="8" | | rowspan="8" |Biggeh, ()
| O34:N35-G14-N25:O49
| T22-G14-X1:N25
| O34:W24-Aa15:X1*O49
| S29-W24:Aa15-X1*X1:N25
| rowspan="2" |Iat-Ouabet (Jȝt-wˁb.t) | N30-A6-N35A
| N30-D60-N35A
| Per-Ouab (Pr-wˁb)
| rowspan="5" |Setjet (Sṯ.t) | S22-X1:Z1*Z1 | rowspan="5" |Sêtis ou Satis () | rowspan="5" | | rowspan="5" |Sehel, ()
| S29-V13:X1-F29-N25
| S29-V13:X1-S22:N25
| S29-V13:X1-S22-O49
| S22:X1*X1-T14-N25
| rowspan="3" |Pa-Iou-Req (Pȝ-iw-rķ) | G40-N30:D21-V31:X1*O49 | rowspan="4" |Philæ (Philai, ) | rowspan="4" |Pilak (copte : ⲡⲓⲗⲁⲕ) | rowspan="4" |Fil, ()
| Q3:Z4-N30:D21-N29:O49
| Q3:N18-N23*Z1:D21-N29-O49
| I(at)-Req (J(ȝt)-rķ) | N30-D21:V31-X1:O49
| rowspan="3" |Abou (ȝbw) | U23-D58-E26-G43-N25:O49 | rowspan="3" |Éléphantine (Elephantínē, ) | rowspan="3" |Yēb (copte : ⲓⲏⲃ) | rowspan="3" |Gezîret el-Fantîn, ()
| U23-D58-E26-G43-W6:N25
| E26:Aa2*O49 |- | Sounou (Swnw) | S29-E34:N35-W24:Z7-T11:O49 | rowspan="2" |Syène (Suḗnē, ) | rowspan="2" |Souan (copte : Ⲥⲟⲩⲁⲛ) | rowspan="2" |Aswān, ()
| Sounet (Swn.t) | S29-E34:N35-X1:O49
| Noubet (Nwb.t) | S12-D58-M17-M17-X1:O49 | Ombos () | Nebō (copte : Ⲛⲃⲱ) | Kôm Ombo, ()
| rowspan="2" |Kheny (Ḫny) | D33:N35-M17-M17-O49 | rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" |Gebel Silsileh ()
| Aa1:N35-M17-M17 |- | rowspan="3" | | Behedet (Bḥdt) | F18:D46-X1:O49 | rowspan="3" |Apollonopolis Magna (Ἀpóllônos pólis megálê, | rowspan="3" |Etbô (copte : ⲉⲧⲃⲟ) | rowspan="3" |Edfou, ()
| Djeba (Ḏbȝ) | T25-D58-G1-O49 |- | Mesen (Msn) | V32-O49 |- | rowspan="10" | | Nekhen (Nḫn) | O47:O49 | Hiéraconpolis (Hiérákôn pólis, ) | | Kôm el-Ahmar, ()
| rowspan="2" |Nekheb (Nḫb) | M22-D58-W24:O49 | rowspan="3" |Eileíthyiapólis (Eileíthyias pólis, ) | rowspan="3" |Nekhab (copte : ⲛ̀ⲭⲁⲃ) | rowspan="3" |el Kab, ()
| M22-D58-N35:W24*V1
| Nekhbet (Nḫb.t) | M22-G14:V30-D58-X1:O49
| rowspan="2" |Senat (Snȝ.t) | O34:N35-G1-X1:O49 | rowspan="4" |Latopolis (Látôn pólis, ) | rowspan="4" |Senē (copte : ⲥⲛⲏ) | rowspan="4" |Esna, ()
| O34:N35-X1:O49
| rowspan="2" |Iounyt (Iwny.t) | O28-W24:N35-M17-M17-X1:O49
| O28:N35-M17-M17-X1:O49
| Per-Hefa (Pr-ḥfȝ) | O1:Z1-V28-I9:Z4-F40-I14-O49 | rowspan="2" |Latopolis (Látôn pólis, ) | rowspan="2" |Senē (copte : ⲥⲛⲏ) | rowspan="2" |Esna, ()
| Hefat (Ḥfȝ.t) | V28-I9-G1-X1:O49 |- | rowspan="22" | | Per-Hathor (Pr-Ḥw.t-Ḥr) | O1-O6-X1-D2:D21-G7 | rowspan="3" |Pathyris () Aphroditopolis (Aphroditítes pólis, ) | rowspan="3" |Pathyris (copte : ⲡⲁⲑⲩⲣⲓⲥ) | rowspan="3" |Gebelein, ()
| Inerty (Jnrty) | M17-N35:X1-H8-H8-G43 |- | Iounyt-Mehyt (Iouny.t-mḥy.t) | O28-W24:N35-M17-M17-X1:O49-F20:X1*O49 |- | Soumenou (Swmnw) | G38*G38*G38-O49 | rowspan="4" |Crocodilopolis (Krokodeilôn pólis, ) | rowspan="4" | | rowspan="4" |Al-Mahamid Qibly, ()
| Semnet (Smn.t) | O34:Y5-N35:X1*O49 |- | Nebsyt (Nbsy.t) | N35:D21-D58-S29-M7-M17-X1:O49 |- | Ioumitrou (ʼIwmìtrw) | N18-W19-X1:D21-E23-G43-O49 |- | rowspan="2" |Djerty (Ḏr.ty) | M36:D21-X1*Z4:O49 | rowspan="2" |Touphion () | rowspan="2" |Taov (copte : ⲧⲁⲟⲩ) | rowspan="2" |Tôd (aṭ-Ṭūd, )
| O34:Y5-U33-M17*O49 |- | Iouny (Jwny) | O28-N35:Z4-O49 | rowspan="5" |Hermônthis () | rowspan="5" |Ermont (copte : ⲉⲣⲙⲟⲛⲧ) | rowspan="5" |Erment, ()
| rowspan="2" |Iounou-Shemât (Jwnw-šmꜥ(t)) | O28-W24:O49-M27-X1:O49 |- | O28-S1-X1:O49 |- | Iounou-Menet (Jwnw-mnṯ(t)) | O28-W24:O49-Y5:N35:V13-X1:O49 |- | Per-Montou (Pr-Mnṯw) | O1:Z1-Y5:N35:V3-G43 |- | rowspan="3" |Ouaset (Wȝst) | R19 | rowspan="7" |Thèbes (Thēbai, ) Diospolis Magna (Diós pólis megálê, )