荻野 周史（おぎの しゅうじ、1968年 - ）は、兵庫県明石市出身の分子病理疫学者 (molecular pathological epidemiologist) かつ病理学医師、分子遺伝病理学(molecular genetic pathology)超専門医である。現在、ダナ・ファーバー癌研究所、ブリガム・アンド・ウィメンズ病院、ハーバード大学医学大学院病理学教授およびハーバード大学公衆衛生学大学院疫学部教授。ブリガム・アンド・ウィメンズ病院病理部分子病理疫学部門長かつ、マサチューセッツ工科大学とハーバードのブロード研究所(Broad Institute)のアソシエイトメンバーでもある。
従来の疫学および病理学を、分子生物学および生物統計学的手法を駆使して統合した分子病理疫学分野（Molecular pathological epidemiologyOgino S, Stampfer M. Lifestyle factors and microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer: the evolving field of molecular pathological epidemiology [editorial]. J Natl Cancer Inst 2010;102:365-367. 、略してMPE）の提唱者かつ先駆者として知られる。2013年より国際分子病理疫学会議 (international MPE Meeting Series) を主宰、座長を務めており、その第2回と第3回会議が2014年及び2016年にボストンにて開催されたOgino S, Campbell PT, Nishihara R, Phipps AI, Beck AH, Sherman ME, Chan AT, Troester MA, Bass AJ, Fitzgerald KC, Irizarry RA, Kelsey KT, Nan H, Peters U, Poole EM, Qian ZR, Tamimi RM, Tchetgen Tchetgen EJ, Tworoger SS, Zhang X, Giovannucci EL, van den Brandt PA, Rosner BA, Wang M, Chatterjee N, Begg CB. Proceedings of The Second International Molecular Pathological Epidemiology (MPE) Meeting. Cancer Causes Control. 2015 May 9. 日本がん疫学・分子疫学研究会 News Letter Feb 2015, No.111(http://www.aichi-med-u.ac.jp/ceme/news_letter/NEWS%20LETTER%20№111.pdf)[ref. Campbell PT, Rebbeck TR, Nishihara R, Beck AH, Begg CB, Bogdanov AA, Cao Y, Coleman HG, Freeman GJ, Heng YJ, Huttenhower C, Irizarry RA, Kip NS, Michor F, Nevo D, Peters U, Phipps AI, Poole EM, Qian ZR, Quackenbush J, Robins H, Rogan PK, Slattery ML, Smith-Warner SA, Song M, VanderWeele TJ, Xia D, Zabor EC, Zhang X, Wang M, Ogino S. Proceedings of the third international molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) meeting. Cancer Causes Control. 2017 Jan 17. . [Epub ahead of print] Review. .。
経歴 病理学医師として 2003年に日本人初の米国分子遺伝病理学超専門医ボード資格を取得、以来大腸癌分子検査を初め様々な分子病理学検査の専門家として務める。例えばAmerican Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) の下部消化管パネルのアドバイザーやhttps://cancerstaging.org/references-tools/deskreferences/Documents/20.ColonRectum.pdfNational Comprehensive Cancer Networkのタスクフォースのメンバーを務めた。Febbo PG1, Ladanyi M, Aldape KD, De Marzo AM, Hammond ME, Hayes DF, Iafrate AJ, Kelley RK, Marcucci G, Ogino S, Pao W, Sgroi DC, Birkeland ML. NCCN Task Force report: Evaluating the clinical utility of tumor markers in oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2011 Nov;9 Suppl 5:S1-32.
分子病理疫学者として 2007年以降、一般人および患者（特に癌患者）集団のリスクファクターへの暴露（環境、食生活、ライフスタイルおよび遺伝的因子など）と分子病理学的指標（大腸癌におけるKRAS変異、BRAF変異およびPIK3CA変異）との関連を仮説化し、立証する論文を多数発表しているChan AT, Ogino S, Fuchs CS. Aspirin use and risk of colorectal cancer according to cyclooxygenase-2 expression. N Engl J Med 2007;356:2131-42. Chan AT, Ogino S, Fuchs CS. Aspirin use and survival after diagnosis of colorectal cancer. JAMA 2009;302:649-658. Morikawa T, Kuchiba A, Yamauchi M, Meyerhardt JA, Shima K, Nosho K, Chan AT, Giovannucci E, Fuchs CS, Ogino S. Association of CTNNB1 (β-catenin) alterations, body mass index, and physical activity with survival in patients with colorectal cancer. JAMA 2011;305:1685-1694.Liao X, Lochhead P, Nishihara R, Morikawa T, Kuchiba A, Yamauchi M, Imamura Y, Qian ZR, Baba Y, Shima K, Sun R, Nosho K, Meyerhardt JA, Giovannucci E, Fuchs CS, Chan AT, Ogino S. Aspirin use, tumor PIK3CA mutation, and colorectal-cancer survival. N Engl J Med 2012;367:1596-1606. Straussman R, Morikawa T, Shee K, Barzily-Rokni M, Qian ZR, Du J, Davis A, Mongare MM, Gould J, Frederick DT, Cooper ZA, Chapman PB, Solit DB, Ribas A, Lo RS, Flaherty KT, Ogino S, Wargo JA, Golub TR. Tumor microenvironment contributes to innate RAF-inhibitor resistance through HGF secretion. Nature 2012;487:500-504. .Nishihara R, Lochhead P, Kuchiba A, Jung S, Yamauchi M, Liao X, Imamura Y, Qian ZR, Morikawa T, Wang M, Spiegelman D, Cho E, Giovannucci E, Fuchs CS, Chan AT, Ogino S. Aspirin use and colorectal cancer incidence risk according to BRAF mutation status. JAMA 2013;309:2563-2571. Nishihara R, Wu K, Lochhead P, Morikawa T, Liao X, Qian ZR, Inamura K, Kim SA, Kuchiba A, Yamauchi M, Imamura Y, Willett WC, Rosner BA, Fuchs CS, Giovannucci E, Ogino S*, Chan AT*. Long-term colorectal-cancer incidence and mortality after lower endoscopy. N Engl J Med 2013;369:1095-1105. Ogino S, Liao X, Imamura Y, Yamauchi M, McCleary NJ, Ng K, Niedzwiecki D, Saltz LB, Mayer RJ, Whittom R, Hantel A, Benson III AB, Mowat RB, Spiegelman D, Goldberg RM, Bertagnolli MM, Meyerhardt JA, Fuchs CS, for the Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology. Predictive and prognostic analysis of PIK3CA mutation in stage III colon cancer intergroup trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 2013;105:1789-1798. Barry ER, Morikawa T, Butler BL, Shrestha K, de la Rosa R, Yan KS, Fuchs CS, Magness ST, Smits R, Ogino S, Kuo CJ, Camargo FD. Restriction of intestinal stem cell expansion and the regenerative response by YAP. Nature 2013;493:106-110. .Fink SP, Yamauchi M, Nishihara R, Jung S, Kuchiba A, Wu K, Cho E, Giovannucci E, Fuchs CS*, Ogino S*, Markowitz SD*, Chan AT*. Aspirin and the risk of colorectal cancer in relation to the expression of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (HPGD). Sci Transl Med 2014;6:233re2.。2010年、荻野は、 分子病理学 と 疫学 を統合した 新たな 独立分野 として、 分子病理疫学という概念 を提唱したOgino S, Stampfer M. Lifestyle factors and microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer: the evolving field of molecular pathological epidemiology [editorial]. J Natl Cancer Inst 2010;102:365-367. 。以来、分子病理疫学の概念は普及し、American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)Ogino S. Molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE): Overview of its paradigm and wide applicability even without tumor tissue. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research; 2013 Oct 27-30; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Can Prev Res 2013;6(11 Suppl):CN06-01., Society for Epidemiologic Research (SER)Kuller LH, Bracken MB, Ogino S, Prentice RL, Tracy RP. The role of epidemiology in the era of molecular epidemiology and genomics: Summary of the 2013 AJE-sponsored Society of Epidemiologic Research Symposium. Am J Epidemiol. 2013;178(9):1350-4., および American Society of Preventive Oncology (ASPO)Epplein M, Bostick RM, Mu L, Ogino S, Braithwaite D, Kanetsky PA. Challenges and Opportunities in International Molecular Cancer Prevention Research: An ASPO Molecular Epidemiology and the Environment and International Cancer Prevention Interest Groups Report. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2014:in press (published online).等の国際学会のテーマに加えられてきた。
分子病理疫学 から派生した概念として大腸の連続性モデル (the colorectal continuum model) を提唱したYamauchi M, Lochhead P, Morikawa T, Huttenhower C, Chan AT, Giovannucci E, Fuchs C, Ogino S. Gut. 2012 Jun;61(6):794-7.Colorectal cancer: a tale of two sides or a continuum?。 従来大腸癌の分子病理学的指標の捉え方して、口側と肛門側の2相としての区分（the two-colon concept）が主流であったIacopetta B. Are there two sides to colorectal cancer? Int J Cancer. 2002;101:403–8. Gervaz P, Bucher P, Morel P. Two colons-two cancers: paradigm shift and clinical implications. J Surg Oncol. 2004;88:261–6. Carethers JM. One colon lumen but two organs. Gastroenterology. 2011;141:411–2. Albuquerque C, Bakker ER, van Veelen W, et al. Colorectal cancers choosing sides. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011;1816:219–31. 。荻野は 1,400を超える大腸癌患者のデータベースの解析から、マイクロサテライト不安定性（Microsatellite instability, 略してMSI）の頻度、CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) の頻度およびBRAF変異頻度が大腸の部位によって連続的に変化していることを証明したYamauchi M, Lochhead P, Morikawa T, Huttenhower C, Chan AT, Giovannucci E, Fuchs C, Ogino S. Gut. 2012 Jun;61(6):794-7Colorectal cancer: a tale of two sides or a continuum?Yamauchi M, Morikawa T, Kuchiba A, Imamura Y, Qian ZR, Nishihara R, Liao X, Waldron L, Hoshida Y, Huttenhower C, Chan AT, Giovannucci E, Fuchs CS, Ogino S. Assessment of colorectal cancer molecular features along bowel subsites challenges the conception of distinct dichotomy of proximal versus distal colorectum. Gut 2012;61:847-854. .。
他の 分子病理疫学 から派生した概念としては "the GWAS-MPE approach" Ogino S, Chan AT, Fuchs CS, Giovannucci E. Gut. 2011 Mar;60(3):397-411. . Epub 2010 Oct 29. Review.
Molecular pathological epidemiology of colorectal neoplasia: an emerging transdisciplinary and interdisciplinary field.、"the unique tumor principle" Ogino S, Fuchs CS, Giovannucci E. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2012 Jul;12(6):621-8. . Review.
How many molecular subtypes? Implications of the unique tumor principle in personalized medicine.、"the unique disease principle" Ogino S, Lochhead P, Chan AT, Nishihara R, Cho E, Wolpin BM, Meyerhardt JA, Meissner A, Schernhammer ES, Fuchs CS, Giovannucci E. Mod Pathol. 2013 Apr;26(4):465-84. . Epub 2013 Jan 11. Review.
Molecular pathological epidemiology of epigenetics: emerging integrative science to analyze environment, host, and disease.、"the etiologic field effect model"Lochhead P, Chan AT, Nishihara R, Fuchs CS, Beck AH, Giovannucci E, Ogino S. Mod Pathol. 2014 Jun 13. . [Epub ahead of print]
Etiologic field effect: reappraisal of the field effect concept in cancer predisposition and progression.、"the integrative lifecourse epidemiology - MPE model"Nishi A, Kawachi I, Koenen KC, Wu K, Nishihara R, Ogino S. Lifecourse epidemiology and molecular pathological epidemiology. Am J Prev Med 2015;48:116-119. “the pharmaco-MPE model”Ogino S, Jhun I, Mata DA, Soong TR, Hamada T, Liu L, Nishihara R, Giannakis M, Cao Y, Manson JE, Nowak JA, Chan AT. Integration of pharmacology, molecular pathology, and population data science to support precision gastrointestinal oncology. NPJ Precis Oncol 2017;1:40 、“the immuno-MPE model”Ogino S, Nishihara R, VanderWeele TJ, Wang M, Nishi A, Lochhead P, Qian ZR, Zhang X, Wu K, Nan H, Yoshida K, Milner DA, Chan AT, Field AE, Camargo CA, Williams MA, Giovannucci EL. The role of molecular pathological epidemiology in the study of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases in the era of precision medicine. Epidemiology 2016;27:602-611. がある。